Mmanụ Artemisia Annua dị ọcha maka ahụike

Mmanụ Artemisia Annua dị ọcha maka onyonyo egosipụtara ahụike

nkowa nkenke:

Ue ka ọnụnọ nke pụrụ iche sesquiterpene endoperoxide lactone artemisinin (Qinghaosu), otu n'ime ihe ndị kasị mkpa ọgwụ na-enweta na osisi na ọgwụgwọ nke chloroquine na-eguzogide ọrịa ịba ụbụrụ, a na-akụ osisi ahụ n'ọtụtụ buru ibu na China, Vietnam, Turkey. , Iran, Afghanistan, na Australia. N'India, a na-akọ ya na nyocha nyocha na mpaghara Himalaya, yana ọnọdụ ihu igwe na ọnọdụ okpomọkụ.3].

Mmanụ dị mkpa nke bara ụba na mono- na sesquiterpenes na-anọchite anya isi iyi ọzọ nke uru azụmahịa nwere ike.4]. Ewezuga nnukwu ọdịiche dị na pasentị ya na ihe mejupụtara ya ka akọpụtala ya, emebela ya nke ọma n'ọtụtụ ọmụmụ nke kacha metụta ọrụ nje na-egbu egbu na antifungal. A kọwo ọmụmụ ihe nnwale dị iche iche ruo taa site n'iji ụzọ dị iche iche na-anwale microorganisms dị iche iche; ya mere, nleba anya nleba anya n'onu ogugu di oke nkpa. Ebumnuche nke nyocha anyị bụ ichikota data gbasara ọrụ antimicrobial nkeA. afọna-agbanwe agbanwe na ihe ndị bụ isi ya iji kwado ụzọ nnwale microbiological n'ọdịniihu na mpaghara a.

2. Nkesa ihe ọkụkụ na mkpụrụ nke Volatiles

Mmanụ dị mkpa (na-agbanwe agbanwe) nkeA. afọnwere ike iru 85 kg / ha. A na-emepụta ya site na mkpụrụ ndụ nzuzo, karịsịa nke akụkụ kachasị elu nke osisi ahụ (n'elu 1/3 nke uto na ntozu okè) nke nwere ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ọnụọgụ abụọ ma ọ bụrụ na e jiri ya tụnyere obere akwụkwọ. A na-akọ na 35% nke elu akwukwo tozuru oke kpuchiri ya na glands capitate nke nwere ihe mejupụtara terpenoidic na-agbanwe agbanwe. Mmanụ dị mkpa sitere naA. afọA na-ekesa, na 36% nke ngụkọta site na elu nke atọ nke akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ, 47% site na nke atọ nke atọ, na 17% site na nke atọ nke ala, na-enwe naanị ọnụọgụ n'akụkụ isi na mgbọrọgwụ. Mkpụrụ nke mmanụ na-adịkarị n'etiti 0.3 na 0.4% mana ọ nwere ike iru 4.0% (V/W) site na genotypes ahọpụtara. Ọtụtụ nchọpụta ekwenyela na nkwubi okwu ahụA. afọenwere ike iweta ihe ubi nke ukwuu tupu mmalite nke ifuru maka inweta nnukwu mkpụrụ nke artemisinin na a ga-ahapụrịrị ihe ọkụkụ ahụ ka o tozuo iji nweta nnukwu mkpụrụ nke mmanụ dị mkpa [5,6].

Enwere ike ịbawanye mkpụrụ (ihe ọkụkụ na mmanụ dị mkpa) na nitrogen agbakwunyere ma nweta nnukwu uto na 67 kg N / ha. Ịba ụba njupụta nke osisi na-eme ka mmepụta mmanụ dị mkpa na-emepụta ihe na mpaghara, ma ihe kachasị mkpa mmanụ dị mkpa (85 kg mmanụ / ha) nwetara site na njupụta nke etiti na 55,555 osisi / ha na-enweta 67 kg N / ha. N'ikpeazụ, ụbọchị ịgha mkpụrụ na oge owuwe ihe ubi nwere ike imetụta oke mmanụ dị mkpa emepụtara.6].

3. Profaịlụ kemịkalụ nke mmanụ dị mkpa

Mmanụ dị mkpa, nke a na-enwetakarị site na hydrodistillation nke elu ifuru, nke a na-enyocha ya na GC-MS, kpughere nnukwu mgbanwe ma n'ụdị qualitative na quantitative.

A na-emetụta profaịlụ kemịkalụ n'ozuzu oge owuwe ihe ubi, fatịlaịza na pH nke ala, nhọrọ na ọkwa nke ọnọdụ ihicha, ọnọdụ mpaghara, chemotype ma ọ bụ ụdị, na nhọrọ nke akụkụ osisi ma ọ bụ genotype ma ọ bụ usoro mmịpụta. Na tebụl1, a na-akọ ihe ndị bụ isi (> 4%) nke ihe nlele nyocha.

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Artemisia afọL., osisi nke ezinụlọ Asteraceae, bụ ahịhịa nke China kwa afọ, ọ na-etokwa n'ụzọ nkịtị dị ka akụkụ nke ahịhịa ahịhịa dị n'ebe ugwu nke Chatar na mpaghara Suiyan na China na 1,000-1,500 m n'elu oke osimiri. Osisi a nwere ike itolite ruo 2.4 m. Osisi ahụ bụ cylindrical na alaka. Akwụkwọ ndị ọzọ, akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ gbara ọchịchịrị, ma ọ bụ akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ aja aja. Isi bụ njirimara na aromatic mgbe uto dị ilu. A na-eji ya na nnukwu panicles nke obere capitulum na-egbuke egbuke (dayameta 2-3 mm), nke nwere ọcha na-acha ọcha, yana akwụkwọ pinnatisect nke na-apụ n'anya mgbe oge ntoju gasịrị, nke obere (1-2 mm) na-acha odo odo na-esi ísì ụtọ na-esi ísì ụtọ. Onyonyo1). Aha Chinese nke osisi ahụ bụ Qinghao (ma ọ bụ Qing Hao ma ọ bụ Ching-hao nke pụtara ahịhịa ndụ ndụ). Aha ndị ọzọ bụ wormwood, wormwood ndị China, wormwood dị ụtọ, wormwood kwa afọ, sagewort kwa afọ, mugwort kwa afọ, na ụtọ sagewort. Na USA, a maara ya nke ọma dị ka sweet Annie n'ihi na mgbe iwebata ya na narị afọ nke iri na itoolu, a na-eji ya mee ihe dị ka ihe nchekwa na ekpomeekpo na ihe ọkụkụ ya na-esi ísì ụtọ mere ka ihe mgbakwunye dị mma na potpourris na sachets maka linen na mmanụ dị mkpa enwetara site na okooko osisi. A na-eji vermouth eme ihe na-esi ísì ụtọ.1]. A na-emepụta osisi ahụ ugbu a n'ọtụtụ mba ndị ọzọ dị ka Australia, Argentina, Brazil, Bulgaria, France, Hungary, Italy, Spain, Romania, United States, na Yugoslavia mbụ.