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Ọnụ ahịa nnukwu ọnụ ahịa 100% dị ọcha Forsythiae Fructus mmanụ ezumike Aromatherapy Eucalyptus globulus egosipụtara

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Forsythia suspensa(Thunb.) Vahl. (Family Oleaceae) bụ osisi ornamental, nke a na-eji mkpụrụ ya dị ka TCM a maara nke ọma "Forsythiae Fructus" (FF) (连翘in Chinese). A na-achịkọta àgwà TCM nke FF dị ka ilu na ekpomeekpo, na ọdịdị oyi dị nro na ngụgụ, obi ma ọ bụ eriri afọ meridian nkesa (Pharmacopoeia Commission of PRC, 2015), àgwà ndị ahụ na-ejikọta na njirimara nke mgbochi mkpali TCM, dị ka Chen si kwuo. na Zhang (2014). Na Shennong's herbal, ejiri FF mee ihe maka ọgwụgwọ pyrexia, mbufụt, gonorrhea, carbuncle na erysipelas (Cho et al., 2011). Ụdị FF abụọ dị, mkpụrụ osisi chara acha na-acha akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ a na-akpọ "Qingqiao" na odo zuru oke nke a na-akpọ "Laoqiao". Ha abụọ na-eje ozi dị ka isi mmalite nke FF, ka o sina dị, a na-eji Qingqiao ugboro ugboro na ndenye ọgwụ TCM (Jia et al., 2015). Ndị isi na-emepụta ebe FF bụ Hebei, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Shandong, Anhui, Henan, Hubei, Jiangsu (akụ) na Sichuan Provinces (Editorial Board of Flora of China, 1978).

Na 2015 mbipụta Chinese Pharmacopoeia, 114 Chinese ọgwụ nkwadebe nwere FF e depụtara, dị ka Shuanghuanglian onu ngwọta, Yinqiao Jiedu mbadamba nkume Niuhuang Shangqing mbadamba, wdg (Pharmacopoeia Commission of PRC, 2015). Nnyocha nke oge a na-ekpughe mgbochi mkpali ya (Kim et al., 2003), antioxidant (CC Chen et al., 1999), antibacterial (Han et al., 2012), mgbochi ọrịa cancer (Hu et al., 2007), mgbochi. -virus (Ko et al., 2005), mgbochi-allergy (Hao et al., 2010), neuroprotective (S. Zhang et al., 2015) mmetụta,wdg.Ọ bụ ezie na ọ bụ naanị mkpụrụ osisi a na-eji dị ka TCM, ụfọdụ ọmụmụ kọrọ phytochemistry na ọgwụ mmetụta nke epupụta (Ge et al., 2015, Zhang et al., 2015), okooko osisi (Takizawa et al., 1981) na osisi (Zhang et al. ., 2002) nkeF. supensa. Ya mere, anyị na-enye ugbu a Ịhazi nnyocha nke dị ozi nkeF. supensa, gụnyere ojiji ọdịnala, botany, phytochemistry, nkà mmụta ọgwụ, toxicity, pharmacokinetics na njikwa mma. Ọzọkwa, a na-atụle ntụzịaka nyocha ga-ekwe omume n'ọdịnihu.

Akụkụ snippets

Omenala ojiji

N'ime ederede herbal Chinese oge gboo, edere FF ka ọ bara uru na ọgwụgwọ fistula oke, scrofula, carbuncle, ọnya ọjọọ, etuto gall, okpomọkụ na nsi (Shennong's herbal, Bencao Chongyuan, Bencao Zhengyi, Zhenglei Bencao). Dị ka ọtụtụ akwụkwọ akụkọ oge ochie si kwuo, ahịhịa ọgwụ a na-arụ ọrụ nke ọma n'ikpochapụ ọkụ nke ọwa obi na ịhapụ ikpo ọkụ nke splin na afo. Ọ bụkwa ọgwụgwọ maka ọgwụgwọ nke stranguria, edema, qi stagnancy na ọbara stasis.

Botany

F. supensa(Weeping Forsythia) bụ ornamental deciduous shrub nke China, na-eto eto ruo ihe dị ka 3 m elu (Fig 1). Ọ nwere internodes oghere nwere alaka ụlọ ọrụ na-agbasa ma ọ bụ na-agbagharị agbagharị nke na-acha odo odo-aja aja ma ọ bụ isi awọ-aja aja na agba. Akwụkwọ na-adịkarị mfe, ma mgbe ụfọdụ 3-foliolate. Akwukwo akwukwo bu ovate, ovate sara mbara, ma ọ bụ elliptical-ovate na 2–10 × 1.5–5 cm2 n'ogo nwere okirikiri gbara gburugburu na isi cuneate na nnukwu ọnụ. Akụkụ abụọ nke akwụkwọ ahụ bụ akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ, na-egbuke egbuke na nkọ ma ọ bụ nke siri ike

Phytochemistry

Ugbu a, a chọtara ogige 237 naF. supensa, gụnyere 46 lignans (1-46), 31 phenylethanoid glycosides (47-77), 11 flavonoids (78-88), 80 terpenoids (89-168), 20 cyclohexylethanol mmepụta (169-188), isii alkaloids (189) ), steroid anọ (195-198) na 39 ogige ndị ọzọ (199-237). N'ime ha, abụọ components (21-22) dịpụrụ adịpụ site na okooko osisi nkeF. supensa, 19 components (94-100, 107-111, 115-117, 198, 233-235) e kewapụrụ na epupụta nkeF. supensa, ihe anọ mejupụtara

Mmetụta mgbochi mkpali

Ọrụ mgbochi mkpali nke FF na-akwado mmetụta ikpochapụ okpomọkụ ya (Guo et al., 2015). Mbufụt bụ nzaghachi anụ ahụ maka mkpali na-efe efe, nrịanrịa, ma ọ bụ kemịkal (Lee et al., 2011). Ọ na-ekere òkè na mmepe nke ọrịa na-adịghị ala ala, dị ka ọrịa anụ ahụ, allergies, na cancer;wdg.FF bụ otu n'ime TCM nwere ikike mgbochi mkpali siri ike, a na-etinye ya n'ọtụtụ ebe na mbufụt na-adịghị ala ala. Ihe omume mgbochi mkpali nke FF họọrọ ise kachasị n'etiti 81 nwalere TCM (70% ethanol

Nsi

Ruo ugbu a, enweghị akụkọ gbasara nsi nke FF. A na-atụ aro nchịkwa nchịkwa kwa ụbọchị nke FF ka ọ bụrụ 6-15 g (Pharmacopoeia Commission of PRC, 2015). Akụkọ ndị dị mkpa gosiri na ọ dịghị nnukwu nsí mmiri ma ọ bụ ethanol wepụ nke epupụta nkeF. supensana ụmụ oke, ọbụlagodi na dose kwa ụbọchị nke 61.60 g/kg (Ai et al., 2011, Hou et al., 2016, Li et al., 2013). Han et al. (2017) kọrọ na ọ dịghị nnukwu toxicity nke phillyrin (site na epupụta nkeF. Suspensa)na oke NIH (18.1 g / kg / ụbọchị, po, maka ụbọchị 14) ma ọ bụ mba

Pharmacokinetics

Li et al. achọpụtara metabolites nkeji itoolu nke phillyrin na mmamịrị oke oke wee gosipụta ụzọ metabolic ya na oke. Emebere Phillyrin na mbụ ka ọ bụrụ phillygenin wee gbanwee gaa na metabolites ndị ọzọ nke ukwuu site na methylation, demethylation, dehydroxylation na usoro mmeghe mgbanaka (Li et al., 2014c). H. Wang et al. (2016) chọpụtara 34 Phase I na Phase II metabolites nke phillyrin wee gosi na hydrolysis, oxidation na sulfation bụ isi.

njikwa mma

Iji chịkwaa àgwà FF, Chinese Pharmacopoeia na-atụ aro morphological, microscopic na njirimara TLC na mgbakwunye na mkpebi HPLC. Ihe nlele FF tozuru oke kwesịrị ịnwe karịa 0.150% phillyrin (Pharmacopoeia Commission of PRC, 2015).

Agbanyeghị, otu akara ọnụọgụ, phillyrin, dị ka ezughi oke iji nyochaa ogo FF. N'oge na-adịbeghị anya, a na-enyocha akụkụ dị iche iche nke bioactive na FF site na chromatography pụrụ iche, electrophoresis, MS na ụzọ NMR, dị ka.

Mmechi na echiche n'ọdịnihu

Nyochaa dị ugbu a na-achịkọta ozi zuru oke gbasara ojiji ọdịnala, botany, phytochemistry, mmetụta ọgwụ, toxicity, pharmacokinetics na njikwa mma.F. supensa. N'edemede akwụkwọ ahịhịa nke China oge gboo na Pharmacopoeia nke China, FF bụ nke a na-ejikarị eme ihe maka ikpocha ọkụ na imebi ihe. Ruo ugbu a, e kewapụrụ ihe karịrị ogige 230 wee chọpụta na ahịhịa a. N'ime ha, a na-ewere lignans na phenylethanoid glycosides dị ka njirimara na bioactive.

Nkọwa TCM

Yin: "Yin" bụ otu n'ime ihe abụọ na-emegide ike okike, dịka ndị China oge ochie si wuo eluigwe na ala. A na-akọwa "Yin" dị ka ngwa ngwa, dị nro, na-ekwenye ekwenye, na-agbasa, oyi, mmiri mmiri ma ọ bụ dị jụụ, na-ejikọta ya na mmiri, ụwa, ọnwa, nwanyị na abalị.

Qi: N'okwu acupuncture, "qi" bụ "ike ndụ". Ọ bụ isi iyi nke mmegharị niile dị n'ime ahụ, nchebe megide mwakpo nke ahụ, isi iyi nke ọrụ metabolic niile, na-enye maka ijide anụ ahụ.

Nkwenye

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Nkọwa ngwaahịa

Mkpado ngwaahịa

Ethnopharmacological mkpa

Forsythiae Fructus (a na-akpọ Lianqiao na Chinese), mkpụrụ nkeForsythia suspensa(Thunb.) Vahl, na-etinye n'ọrụ dị ka a nkịtị ọgwụ na China, Japan na Korea. A na-eji ya eme ihe maka ọgwụgwọ pyrexia, mbufụt,gonorrhea,carbunclenaerysipelas. Dabere na oge owuwe ihe ubi dị iche iche, Forsythiae Fructus nwere ike kewaa n'ụdị abụọ, ya bụ Qingqiao na Laoqiao. A na-anakọta mkpụrụ osisi akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ na-amalite ịmalite dị ka Qingqiao, ebe a na-achịkọta mkpụrụ osisi edo edo nke zuru oke dị ka Laoqiao. A na-etinye ha abụọ n'ọrụ ahụike. Nlebanya a bu n'obi ịnye nchịkọta usoroF. supensa(Forsythia suspensa(Thunb.) Vahl) na ikpughe njikọ dị n'etiti ojiji ọdịnala naihe omume ọgwụka inye mmụọ nsọ maka nyocha n'ọdịnihu.

Akụrụngwa na ụzọ

Ozi niile kwekọrọ na yaF. supensaScifinder nyochara wee nweta site na ọdụ data sayensị gụnyere Springer, Science Direct, Wiley, Pubmed na China Knowledge Resource Integrated (CNKI). Achọkwara akwụkwọ edemede na akwụkwọ mpaghara.

Nsonaazụ

Dị ka akwụkwọ akụkọ ahịhịa ndị China oge gboo na Pharmacopoeia nke China si kwuo, Forsythiae Fructus na-egosiputa mmetụta ikpocha ọkụ na detoxifying.TCMndenye ọgwụ. Na nyocha ọgbara ọhụrụ, e kewapụrụ ihe karịrị ogige 230 wee mata yaF. supensa. 211 N’ime ha dịpụrụ adịpụ site na mkpụrụ osisi.Ndị Lignanna phenylethanoidsglycosidesA na-ewere ya dị ka njirimara na ihe na-arụ ọrụ nke ahịhịa a, dị ka forsythiaside, phillyrin,rutinna phillygenin. Ha gosipụtara mgbochi mkpali, antioxidant, antibacterial, anti-virus, mgbochi cancer na mgbochi allergies mmetụta,wdg.Ugbu a, enweghi akụkọ gbasara nsi nke Forsythiae Fructus, n'agbanyeghị ntakịrị nsi nke forsythiaside nke a kọrọ na akwụkwọ obodo. Tụnyere Laoqiao, Qingqiao nwere ọkwa dị elu nke forsythiaside, forsythoside C, cornoside,rutin, phillyrin,gallic acidnachlorogenic acidna obere rengyol,βGlucose na S-supensasidemethyl ether.

Mmechi

Omume ikpochapụ okpomọkụ nke Forsythiae Fructus dabere na mgbochi mkpali na ihe antioxidant nke lignans na phenylethanoid.glycosides. Mmetụta detoxifying àgwà nke antibacterial, antiviral na mgbochi ọrịa cancer nke Forsythiae Fructus. Na ọgwụ ọdịnala Chinese (TCM) nke Forsythiae Fructus (ekpomeekpo ilu, ọdịdị oyi dị ntakịrị na meridian ngụgụ) kwadoro mmetụta mgbochi mkpali ya siri ike. Ke adianade do, ịrịba ama mgbochi mkpali naikike antioxidantnke Forsythiae Fructus na-enye aka na mgbochi ọrịa kansa naneuroprotectiveihe omume. Ọnụ ọgụgụ dị elu nke lignans na phenylethanoid glycosides na Qingqiao karịa Laoqiao nwere ike ịkọwapụta ikike antioxidant dị mma nke Qingqiao na iji Qingqiao eme ihe ugboro ugboro naTCMndenye ọgwụ. Maka nyocha n'ọdịnihu, ihe ndị ọzọna vivoA na-akwado nnwale na ọmụmụ ụlọ ọgwụ iji dokwuo anya mmekọrịta dị n'etiti ojiji ọdịnala na ngwa ọgbara ọhụrụ. Banyere Qingqiao na Laoqiao, a ka ga-ekewa ha site na usoro njikwa mma niile, yana ihe mejupụtara kemịkal na mmetụta ụlọ ọgwụ n'etiti ha kwesịrị iji tụnyere.