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Ọnụ ego buru ibu 100% Ọcha Stellariae Radix mmanụ dị mkpa (ọhụrụ) Relax Aromatherapy Eucalyptus globulus

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Ndị China Pharmacopoeia (mbipụta 2020) chọrọ ka mpụta methanol nke YCH ekwesịghị ịbụ ihe na-erughị 20.0%2], na-enweghị ihe ngosi nleba anya ọzọ akọwapụtara. Nsonaazụ nke ọmụmụ a na-egosi na ọdịnaya nke methanol extracts nke anụ ọhịa na ihe ndị a zụlitere na-ezute ụkpụrụ pharmacopoeia, ọ dịghịkwa nnukwu ọdịiche dị n'etiti ha. Ya mere, ọnweghị ọdịiche dị mma pụtara ìhè n'etiti ụdị anụ ọhịa na nke akọpụtara, dịka ndeksi ahụ siri dị. Agbanyeghị, ọdịnaya nke mkpokọta sterols yana mkpokọta flavonoids dị n'ime ihe atụ ọhịa dị elu nke ukwuu karịa ndị a kụrụ n'omume. Nyocha metabolomic ndị ọzọ gosipụtara ọtụtụ metabolite dị iche iche n'etiti ihe atụ anụ ọhịa na nke akọpụtara. Na mgbakwunye, a na-enyocha metabolites 97 dị iche iche, nke edepụtara na mpagharaTebụl mgbakwunye S2. N'ime metabolites ndị a dị iche iche bụ β-sitosterol (ID bụ M397T42) na quercetin derivatives (M447T204_2), bụ ndị akọworo na ha bụ ihe na-arụ ọrụ. Ihe mejupụtara nke a na-akọbughị na mbụ, dị ka trigonelline (M138T291_2), betaine (M118T277_2), fustin (M269T36), rotenone (M241T189), arctiin (M557T165) na loganic acid (M399T284_2) gụnyere meta ihe dị iche iche. Ihe ndị a na-arụ ọrụ dị iche iche na mgbochi ọxịdashọn, mgbochi mkpali, scavenging free radicals, mgbochi cancer na ọgwụgwọ atherosclerosis na, ya mere, nwere ike ịbụ putative novel arụ ọrụ components na YCH. Ọdịnaya nke ihe ndị na-arụ ọrụ na-ekpebi ịdị mma na ịdị mma nke ihe ọgwụ [7]. Na nchịkọta, methanol wepụ dị ka naanị YCH mma nlebanya index nwere ụfọdụ adịghị ike, na a kapịrị ọnụ àgwà akara mkpa ka a ga-nyochaa. E nwere nnukwu ọdịiche dị na ngụkọta sterols, ngụkọta flavonoids na ọdịnaya nke ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ dị iche iche metabolites n'etiti ọhịa na akọ YCH; ya mere, enwere ike inwe ọdịiche dị mma n'etiti ha. N'otu oge ahụ, ihe ndị achọpụtara ọhụrụ nwere ike ịrụ ọrụ na YCH nwere ike ịnwe uru ntụaka dị mkpa maka ọmụmụ ihe ndabere ọrụ nke YCH yana n'ihu mmepe nke akụrụngwa YCH.

Ọ dịla anya a ghọtara mkpa ọ dị ezigbo ọgwụ ọgwụ na mpaghara a kapịrị ọnụ maka imepụta ọgwụ ahịhịa ndị China dị mma nke ukwuu.8]. Ịdị mma dị elu bụ àgwà dị mkpa nke ezigbo ọgwụ ọgwụ, na ebe obibi bụ ihe dị mkpa na-emetụta àgwà nke ihe ndị dị otú ahụ. Kemgbe malitere iji YCH mee ọgwụ, ọ dịla anya YCH anụ ọhịa na-achị ya. N'ịgbaso iwebata na ime ụlọ nke YCH gara nke ọma na Ningxia na 1980s, isi iyi ọgwụ Yinchaihu ji nwayọọ nwayọọ si n'ọhịa gaa n'ubi YCH. Dịka nyocha gara aga na isi mmalite YCH [9] na nyocha nke ubi nke otu nyocha anyị, enwere ọdịiche dị ukwuu na mpaghara nkesa nke ihe ọkụkụ na anụ ọhịa. A na-ekesa anụ ọhịa YCH na mpaghara Ningxia Hui kwụụrụ onwe nke mpaghara Shaanxi, n'akụkụ mpaghara kpọrọ nkụ nke Inner Mongolia na etiti Ningxia. Karịsịa, ọzara steppe na mpaghara ndị a bụ ebe obibi kacha mma maka uto YCH. N'ụzọ dị iche, a na-ekesa YCH a kụrụ n'ubi n'ebe ndịda nke mpaghara nkesa ọhịa, dị ka Tongxin County (Cultivated I) na gburugburu ya, bụ nke ghọrọ nnukwu ihe ọkụkụ na mmepụta ihe na China, na Pengyang County (Cultivated II) , nke dị na mpaghara ndịda karịa ma bụrụ mpaghara ọzọ na-emepụta maka YCH. Ọzọkwa, ebe obibi nke ebe abụọ a akọ n'elu abụghị ọzara steppe. Ya mere, na mgbakwunye na ụdị mmepụta, e nwekwara nnukwu ọdịiche dị na ebe obibi nke anụ ọhịa na-akọ YCH. Ebe obibi bụ ihe dị mkpa na-emetụta ogo nke ọgwụ ọgwụ. Ebe obibi dị iche iche ga-emetụta nguzobe na nchịkọta nke metabolites nke abụọ na osisi, si otú ahụ na-emetụta ogo ngwaahịa ọgwụ.10,11]. Ya mere, nnukwu ọdịiche dị na ọdịnaya nke mkpokọta flavonoids na ngụkọta sterols na nkwupụta nke metabolites 53 anyị hụrụ na ọmụmụ a nwere ike ịbụ n'ihi njikwa ubi na ọdịiche ebe obibi.
Otu n'ime ụzọ bụ isi na gburugburu ebe obibi na-emetụta àgwà nke ọgwụ bụ site n'itinye nrụgide na osisi ndị na-emepụta ihe. Nchegbu gburugburu ebe obibi na-agafeghị oke na-akpalite mkpokọta metabolites nke abụọ.12,13]. Echiche nguzozi nke uto / dị iche iche na-ekwu na, mgbe nri na-ezuru oke, ihe ọkụkụ na-eto eto, ebe mgbe nri na-esighị ike, osisi na-ekewa ma na-emepụta ihe ndị ọzọ metabolites.14]. Nchegbu nke ụkọ mmiri ozuzo nke ụkọ mmiri na-akpata bụ isi nhụsianya gburugburu ebe obibi nke osisi na mpaghara ala kpọrọ nkụ chere ihu. N'ime ọmụmụ ihe a, ọnọdụ mmiri nke YCH a na-akọ na-aba ụba, na-enwe oke mmiri ozuzo kwa afọ karịa nke anụ ọhịa YCH (mmiri maka Cultivated m bụ ihe dị ka ugboro 2 nke anụ ọhịa; Cultivated II bụ ihe dịka 3.5 ugboro karịa nke anụ ọhịa). ). Tụkwasị na nke ahụ, ala dị n'ime ọhịa bụ ájá ájá, ma ala dị n'ala ubi bụ ala ụrọ. E jiri ya tụnyere ụrọ, ala aja nwere ikike ijide mmiri na-adịghị mma ma yikwara ka ọ ga-akawanye njọ nke ụkọ mmiri ozuzo. N'otu oge ahụ, usoro ihe ọkụkụ na-esonyere ya na mmiri, n'ihi ya, ogo nke ụkọ mmiri ozuzo dị ala. Anụ ọhịa YCH na-eto n'ime ebe obibi kpọrọ nkụ siri ike, ya mere ọ nwere ike inwe nrụgide siri ike nke ụkọ mmiri ozuzo.
Osmoregulation bụ usoro dị mkpa physiological nke osisi na-anagide nrụgide ụkọ mmiri ozuzo, na alkaloids bụ ndị na-achịkwa osmotic dị mkpa na osisi dị elu.15]. Betaines bụ ogige alkaloid quaternary ammonium nwere ike ime ka osmoprotectants. Nchegbu ọkọchị nwere ike ibelata ikike osmotic nke mkpụrụ ndụ, ebe ndị osmoprotectants na-echekwa ma na-edobe nhazi na iguzosi ike n'ezi ihe nke macromolecules dị ndụ, ma belata nke ọma mmebi nke nrụgide ụkọ mmiri na-akpata na osisi.16]. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, n'okpuru nrụgide ụkọ mmiri ozuzo, ọdịnaya betain nke sugar beet na Lycium barbarum mụbara nke ukwuu.17,18]. Trigonelline bụ onye na-achịkwa uto mkpụrụ ndụ, na n'okpuru nrụgide ụkọ mmiri ozuzo, ọ nwere ike ịgbatị ogologo oge nke mkpụrụ ndụ ihe ọkụkụ, na-egbochi uto cell ma na-eduga na mbelata nke cell. Mmụba dị elu na ntinye uche solute na cell na-enyere osisi ahụ aka iru ụkpụrụ osmotic ma kwalite ikike ya iguzogide nrụgide ụkọ mmiri ozuzo.19]. JIA X [20] chọpụtara na, na mmụba nke nrụgide ụkọ mmiri ozuzo, Astragalus membranaceus (isi iyi nke nkà mmụta ọgwụ ndị China) na-emepụta ihe ndị ọzọ trigonelline, bụ nke na-eme ka ọ na-achịkwa ikike osmotic na imeziwanye ikike iguzogide nrụgide ụkọ mmiri ozuzo. E gosikwara na Flavonoids na-ekere òkè dị mkpa n'iguzogide ihe ọkụkụ na-egbochi nrụgide ụkọ mmiri ozuzo [21,22]. Ọnụ ọgụgụ dị ukwuu nke ọmụmụ ekwenyela na nrụgide ụkọ mmiri ozuzo na-agafeghị oke na-enyere aka nchịkọta flavonoids. Lang Duo-Yong et al. [23] tụnyere mmetụta nke nrụgide ụkọ mmiri ozuzo na YCH site n'ịchịkwa ike ijide mmiri n'ọhịa. Achọpụtara na nrụgide ụkọ mmiri ozuzo na-egbochi uto nke mgbọrọgwụ ruo n'ókè ụfọdụ, ma na oke nrụgide na oke ụkọ mmiri ozuzo (40% ikike ijide mmiri), mkpokọta flavonoid dị na YCH mụbara. Ka ọ dị ugbu a, n'okpuru nrụgide ụkọ mmiri ozuzo, phytosterols nwere ike ime ihe iji na-edozi mmiri na mmiri nke cell membranes, na-egbochi mmiri na-efunahụ ma melite nguzogide nrụgide.24,25]. Ya mere, mmụba nke mkpokọta flavonoids, ngụkọta sterols, betaine, trigonelline na metabolites ndị ọzọ na-eme n'ime ọhịa YCH nwere ike jikọta ya na nrụgide oké ọkọchị siri ike.
N'ime ọmụmụ ihe a, a na-eme nyocha ịba ụba nke ụzọ KEGG na metabolites ndị achọpụtara na ha dị nnọọ iche n'etiti anụ ọhịa na YCH a kụrụ. Metabolites bara ụba gụnyere ndị na-etinye aka na ụzọ nke ascorbate na aldarate metabolism, aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis, histidine metabolism na beta-alanine metabolism. Ụzọ ndị a metabolic nwere njikọ chiri anya na usoro nguzogide nrụgide osisi. N'ime ha, ascorbate metabolism na-arụ ọrụ dị mkpa na mmepụta antioxidant osisi, carbon na nitrogen metabolism, nrụgide nrụgide na ọrụ ndị ọzọ physiological [26]; aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis bụ ụzọ dị mkpa maka ịmepụta protein.27,28], nke na-etinye aka na njikọ nke protein na-eguzogide nrụgide. Ma ụzọ histidine na β-alanine nwere ike ịkwalite nnabata ihe ọkụkụ na nrụgide gburugburu ebe obibi.29,30]. Nke a na-egosikwa na ọdịiche dị na metabolites dị n'etiti anụ ọhịa na YCH azụlitere nwere njikọ chiri anya na usoro nke nguzogide nrụgide.
Ala bụ ihe ndabere maka uto na mmepe nke osisi ọgwụ. Nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) na potassium (K) dị n'ime ala bụ ihe dị mkpa na-edozi ahụ maka uto na mmepe nke osisi. Ihe ndị dị n'ime ala nwekwara N, P, K, Zn, Ca, mg na ihe ndị ọzọ na-achọpụta ihe achọrọ maka osisi ọgwụ. Ihe oriri na-edozi ahụ ma ọ bụ nke na-adịghị mma, ma ọ bụ ihe oriri na-edozi ahụ na-adịghị mma, ga-emetụta uto na mmepe na àgwà nke ọgwụ, na osisi dị iche iche nwere ihe oriri dị iche iche chọrọ [31,32,33]. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, nrụgide N dị ala kwalitere njikọ nke alkaloids na Isatis indigotica, ma bara uru maka nchịkọta flavonoids na osisi dịka Tetrastigma hemsleyanum, Crataegus pinnatifida Bunge na Dichondra repens Forst. N'ụzọ dị iche, nke ukwuu N na-egbochi mkpokọta flavonoids n'ụdị dị ka Erigeron breviscapus, Abrus cantoniensis na Ginkgo biloba, ma metụta àgwà nke ọgwụ.34]. Ngwa nke fatịlaịza P dị irè n'ịbawanye ọdịnaya nke glycyrrhizic acid na dihydroacetone na licorice Ural.35]. Mgbe ego ngwa ahụ gafere 0·12 kg·m−2, mkpokọta flavonoid dị na Tussilago farfara belatara [36]. Ngwa nke fatịlaịza P nwere mmetụta na-adịghị mma na ọdịnaya nke polysaccharides na ọgwụ ọdịnala Chinese rhizoma polygonati [37ma fatịlaịza K dị irè n'ịbawanye ọdịnaya nke saponins.38]. Itinye 450 kg · hm−2 K fatịlaịza bụ ihe kacha mma maka uto na saponin mkpokọta Panax notoginseng dị afọ abụọ.39]. N'okpuru nha nke N: P: K = 2: 2: 1, mkpokọta hydrothermal wepụ, harpagide na harpagoside bụ ndị kachasị elu.40]. Ọnụ ọgụgụ dị elu nke N, P na K bara uru iji kwalite uto nke cablin Pogostemon na ịbawanye ọdịnaya nke mmanụ na-agbanwe agbanwe. Oke dị ala nke N, P na K mụbara ọdịnaya nke ihe ndị bụ isi dị irè nke Pogostemon cablin stem leaf mmanụ.41]. YCH bụ osisi na-adịghị anabata ala, ọ nwekwara ike ịnwe ihe ndị a chọrọ maka nri ndị dị ka N, P na K. N'ọmụmụ ihe a, ma e jiri ya tụnyere YCH a kụrụ, ala nke osisi YCH ọhịa dị ntakịrị: ihe dị n'ime ala. nke organic okwu, ngụkọta N, ngụkọta P na ngụkọta K bụ ihe dị ka 1/10, 1/2, 1/3 na 1/3 nke akọ osisi, n'otu n'otu. Ya mere, ndịiche dị na nri ala nwere ike bụrụ ihe ọzọ kpatara ọdịiche dị n'etiti metabolites achọpụtara na YCH nke a kụrụ na nke ọhịa. Weibao Ma et al. [42] chọpụtara na itinye ụfọdụ ego fatịlaịza N na fatịlaịza P mere ka mkpụrụ na ịdị mma nke mkpụrụ dị mma. Otú ọ dị, mmetụta nke ihe ndị na-edozi ahụ na àgwà YCH abụghị ihe doro anya, na usoro fatịlaịza iji melite ogo nke ọgwụ na-achọkwu ọmụmụ ihe.
Ọgwụ ogwu ndị China nwere njirimara nke "Ebe obibi mara mma na-akwalite mkpụrụ, ebe obibi na-adịghị mma na-eme ka mma dị mma" [43]. N'ime usoro iji nwayọọ nwayọọ si n'ọhịa na-azụlite YCH, ebe obibi nke ihe ọkụkụ gbanwere site na ọzara kpọrọ nkụ na nke na-adịghị ahụkebe gaa n'ala ubi na-eme nri nke nwere mmiri buru ibu. Ebe obibi nke YCH a na-akọ dị elu ma mkpụrụ ya dị elu, nke na-enye aka iji gboo mkpa ahịa. Otú ọ dị, ebe obibi a dị elu mere ka mgbanwe dị ukwuu na metabolites nke YCH; ma nke a dị mma iji melite ogo YCH na otu esi enweta mmepụta dị elu nke YCH site na usoro ihe ọkụkụ nke dabeere na sayensị ga-achọ nyocha ọzọ.
Ịzụlite ebe obibi simulative bụ usoro ịmegharị ebe obibi na ọnọdụ gburugburu ebe obibi nke osisi ọgwụ ọhịa, dabere na ihe ọmụma nke mmegharị ogologo oge nke osisi ahụ na nrụgide gburugburu ebe obibi.43]. Site n'ịmepụta ihe dị iche iche gburugburu ebe obibi nke na-emetụta osisi ọhịa, karịsịa ebe obibi mbụ nke osisi a na-eji dị ka isi mmalite nke ọgwụ ọgwụ, usoro a na-eji nkà mmụta sayensị na ntinye aka mmadụ ọhụrụ iji dozie uto na metabolism nke abụọ nke osisi ọgwụ ndị China.43]. Ụzọ ndị a na-achọ iji nweta nhazi kachasị mma maka ịmepụta ihe ọgwụ dị elu. Ịzụlite ebe obibi simulative kwesịrị inye ụzọ dị irè maka mmepụta dị elu nke YCH ọbụlagodi mgbe ndabere ọgwụ ọgwụ, akara mma na usoro nzaghachi maka ihe gburugburu ebe obibi na-edoghị anya. N'ihi ya, anyị na-atụ aro na a ga-eme usoro sayensị na usoro nlekọta ubi n'ịkọpụta na mmepụta nke YCH site na njirimara gburugburu ebe obibi nke anụ ọhịa YCH, dịka ọnọdụ ala kpọrọ nkụ, nke na-adịghị na ájá. N'otu oge ahụ, a na-atụkwa anya na ndị na-eme nchọpụta ga-eme nchọpụta miri emi karị na ndabere ihe eji arụ ọrụ na akara ngosi nke YCH. Ọmụmụ ihe ndị a nwere ike ịnye njirisi nyocha nke ọma maka YCH, ma kwalite mmepụta dị elu na mmepe mmepe nke ụlọ ọrụ ahụ.

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    Mkpado ngwaahịa

    Yinchaihu (Radix Stellariae) bụ ọgwụ mgbọrọgwụ nke a na-ejikarị na ọgwụ ọdịnala ndị China. Ihe eji eme omenala gụnyere ọgwụgwọ ahụ ọkụ na erighị ihe na-edozi ahụ, a chọpụtakwara na ọ na-enwe mmetụta mgbochi mkpali, mgbochi ọrịa na mgbochi ọrịa cancer na nkà mmụta ọgwụ ọgbara ọhụrụ [1,2]. Isi mmalite nke ọgwụ bụ mgbọrọgwụ nke osisi Stellaria dichotoma L. var. lanceolata Bge. (nke a na-akpọ ya YCH), yana Ningxia, China bụ mpaghara izizi YCH. N'afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya, n'ihi enweghị isi mmalite YCH anụ ọhịa na mmeghe na ime ụlọ nke na-aga nke ọma, YCH a na-akọ ji nke nta nke nta bụrụ ebe bụ isi maka mmepụta azụmahịa. Mgbanwe n'ụdị mmepụta nwere ike ibelata ụkọ akụrụngwa ahịhịa ọhịa ndị China, mana ọ na-agbanwekwa, dịka ọmụmaatụ, mmalite, ebe obibi na usoro njikwa nke ọgwụ ahịhịa. Metabolites nke osisi ọgwụ bụ ihe na-arụ ọrụ nke ọgwụ ndị China nwere ike rụọ ọrụ ọgwụgwọ ma chọpụta ogo ọgwụ.3,4]. Ebe dị iche iche nke ịkụ ihe, ebe obibi na ụzọ mmepụta ga-enwe mmetụta dị iche iche na metabolites osisi na àgwà nke ọgwụ.5,6]. Ya mere, mgbe ị na-ewere ọgwụ ndị dị n'ọhịa maka ịkụ ihe, ajụjụ gbasara ma àgwà nke ihe ndị a kụrụ n'ubi nwere ike ikwe nkwa nkwenye sayensị. Ka ọ dị ugbu a, amabeghị ihe mgbanwe nwere ike ime na metabolites nke YCH mgbe a na-ebuga mmepụta site na isi ọhịa gaa na osisi ndị a na-akọ, yana ma mgbanwe ndị dị otú ahụ nwere ike imetụta ogo ọgwụ.
    N'ime ọmụmụ ihe a, a na-eji teknụzụ metabolomic dabere na ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-TOF MS) iji nyochaa metabolites nke YCH, chọpụta ụdị metabolites dị n'etiti anụ ọhịa na-akọ YCH. , ihuenyo maka nnukwu metabolites dị iche iche ma na-enye ihe ntụaka maka nyocha nke ịdị mma na mmepụta nke YCH.







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